Kids in US schools are now taught to read and spell phonetically. Words like this are called "red words" because they don't follow the rules. There are a lot of red words.
Yes, there must be plenty of such red words in English, and perhaps some of them may be grouped in rules. For others no useful rules may be found (or perhaps only trivial rules which cover one or two cases). Really, the difference between a rule and an exception may be murky.
no subject
no subject